The research approach of our group is to combine a large number of spectroscopic and structural methods to study surfaces and interfaces of devices devoted to the conversion of energy. We utilize electron and x-ray spectroscopy, both in the lab at UNLV as well as at third-generation synchrotron light sources around the world. Furthermore, we use microscopic probes and diffraction methods to study the morphology and structure of surfaces.

 With this “tool chest”, we team up with a number of national and international partners to unravel the secrets of surfaces and interfaces in a large number of different devices. In the following, please find a list of current projects:

Thin film solar cells

 These projects focus on a deeper understanding of the chemical and electronic structure of interfaces in chalcopyrite (Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂) and II-VI semiconductor (CdTe) thin film solar cells. Particular focus is the determination of electronic surface band gaps and interface band alignments, as well as a study of the impact of chemical treatments on the various surfaces and interfaces.

Nuclear fuel

 This project focuses on the impact of metal fission products (Pd, Cs, Ag) on the chemical and electronic properties of SiC coating layers in TRISO nuclear fuel particles. The results give insights into the corrosion and diffusion behavior and thus help to optimize the stability of TRISO fuel.

 
Hydrogen production

In these projects, we help to understand and optimize the surface properties of oxide layers in high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells and photoelectrochemical devices for hydrogen production. Furthermore, we help in the development of oxide layers that show suitable band edge energies and stability in their respective electrolysis environments.

 
Hydrogen storage

 To understand the fundamental interaction between hydrogen and nanomaterials made of boron, carbon, and/or nitrogen, we utilize microscopy and spectroscopy on the atomic scale. The results may help to identify suitable material candidates for hydrogen storage in a solid state nanomaterial matrix.

 
Hydrogen consumption

 To improve life time and reduce costs, one of the primary topics in fuel cell research is to find novel catalyst materials with optimized properties. Using our tool chest, we help in the development of such novel catalysts by investigating the electronic and chemical properties and how they are influenced by the formation of alloy catalyst materials.

 
Organic interfaces

 Devices in organic electronics require an optimization of charge carrier transport across molecular layers and interfaces. We use our spectroscopic methods to aid in the development of novel organic materials, as well as in the tailoring of organic/organic and organic/inorganic interfaces for charge carrier injection, separation, and/or extraction.

 
Inorganic semiconductor devices

 The electronic surface band gap of semiconducting materials is of large interest in various electronic applications. Surprisingly, the electronic surface band gaps of numerous materials have not been experimentally investigated, especially when nanoscale dimensions are employed. In this project, we team up with partners that require detailed knowledge of the valence and conduction band edge positions at the surface to optimize a variety of thin-film electronic devices.

 
Bio-interfaces and liquids

 In this project, we are part of an international collaboration that studies the electronic structure of liquids, solutions, and bio-interfaces with soft x-ray spectroscopy. By developing novel experimental approaches, new insights into the fascinating world of water and its importance for biomaterials in native environments can be obtained.